The Impact of Weather on Concrete – Tips for Protection
Concrete surfaces can be exposed to a number of weather elements that can impact their condition and create damage. Knowing how to protect concrete from the elements will minimize damage and repair costs.
Hot weather accelerates the rate of hydration and reduces the workability of concrete. It also affects the concrete’s long term strength and durability.
Moisture
Concrete, a sturdy, durable construction material, is often subject to damage from various factors. It is critical to understand the impacts that weather can have on this common building material, and how these effects can be controlled to minimize potential damage.
Moisture is a critical factor that impacts concrete in multiple ways, both during the pouring and curing stages, as well as long-term durability. Moisture in concrete can be caused by external sources such as rain, groundwater, or excessive watering, or by internal conditions like high humidity.
Concrete tends to lose moisture as it dries, which reduces its workability and impact on its strength. However, the rate at which concrete loses moisture is dependent on temperature and humidity. Hot weather increases the rate of hydration and loss of moisture, which can significantly impact the workability and final strength of concrete. The use of fans and dehumidifiers helps to expedite surface drying and promote moisture evaporation during these times. Pittsburgh Concrete Contractors play a crucial role in managing these conditions to ensure the longevity and resilience of concrete structures.
Temperature Extremes
Concrete is known for its longevity, but it isn’t impervious to damage. Many common weather elements can impact the integrity of concrete surfaces and structures, including freeze-thaw cycles, UV rays, moisture, temperature extremes, and wind. Understanding these impacts and taking proactive steps to protect your concrete can help to ensure its durability and longevity.
For example, hot weather poses a challenge to the concrete construction and curing processes because it increases the rate of hydration and movement of water through the surface and internal structure. This can lead to reduced workability and affect the final strength and durability of concrete.
Cold weather, on the other hand, slows down the hydration process and can cause concrete to take longer to set and cure. These fluctuations can lead to concrete becoming susceptible to the freeze-thaw cycle, which can contribute to cracking and spalling of concrete over time.
Freeze-Thaw Cycle
The damage caused by freeze-thaw cycles is particularly concerning for concrete structures used in industrial applications. When water infiltrates the porous surface of concrete and freezes, it expands, exerting tensile forces on the material that can lead to cracking and spalling over time.
Concrete with high compressive strength can better withstand the internal stress of freeze-thaw cycles, but proper maintenance is necessary to prevent moisture and other harmful substances from penetrating the concrete and leading to further deterioration. Regular inspections, prompt repair of any visible damage and sealing of vulnerable areas can minimize the damaging effects of freeze-thaw cycles.
Working with concrete is a complex process that requires thorough planning and consideration of the varying effects of weather on concrete during placement, finishing, curing and protection. By understanding the plethora of environmental factors that can impact concrete, contractors can plan accordingly and ensure their projects are successful. Using the right concrete mix for cold climates and using concrete protective coatings can also make a significant difference in long-term performance.
Wind
Concrete’s durability and strength makes it a good choice for homes built in hurricane-prone areas. However, concrete construction can still be damaged by strong winds. In addition to impact damage and structural failure, flying debris and falling trees can cause severe damage. Keeping trees trimmed, reinforcing vulnerable structures, and regular inspections of concrete surfaces can help minimize the impact of wind on your home’s concrete.
During hot, dry weather, high ambient temperatures, low humidity and direct sunlight accelerate the rate of surface moisture loss in concrete by evaporation. This can lead to plastic shrinkage cracking in the concrete. To avoid this, select the coolest part of the day to pour and discharge concrete.
Concrete is a durable and versatile material that can withstand a wide range of weather conditions when installed correctly and maintained properly. Understanding the effects of the environment on concrete and taking steps to protect it from harsh weather can significantly increase its lifespan.